Abstract:
This paper introduces the Hyper-Lepton Framework (HLF), a novel theoretical model proposing that the three observed generations of leptons in the Standard Model (SM) are not fundamental, distinct entities, but rather the three lowest-energy modes arising from a single, five-dimensional (5D) Dirac fermion field, termed the “hyper-lepton.” By postulating a 5D spacetime compactified on an S1/Z2 orbifold, the HLF naturally accommodates exactly three massless chiral zero-modes in the 4D effective theory, which are identified with the electron, muon, and tau. Their distinct masses are generated through interactions with a bulk Higgs field whose vacuum expectation value possesses a non-trivial profile along the extra dimension, providing a geometric origin for the observed mass hierarchy. The framework inherently respects Lepton Flavor Universality in gauge interactions and offers a compelling solution to the fermion generation puzzle. The primary falsifiable prediction of the HLF is the existence of a tower of heavy, vector-like leptons with a predictable mass spectrum, potentially accessible at future high-energy colliders. This work transforms the question of “why three generations?” into a problem of extra-dimensional geometry, offering a new avenue for exploring physics beyond the Standard Model.
Yıldırım, E. (2025). The Hyper-Lepton Framework: A Geometric Origin for Fermion Generations. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17037675
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